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Marvel's Jessica Jones, or simply Jessica Jones, is an American web television series created for Netflix by Melissa Rosenberg, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise, and is the second in a series of shows that led to The Defenders crossover miniseries. The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios and Tall Girls Productions, with Rosenberg serving as showrunner.

Krysten Ritter stars as Jessica Jones, a former superhero who opens her own detective agency. Rachael Taylor, Eka Darville, and Carrie-Anne Moss also star, with Mike Colter, Wil Traval, Erin Moriarty, and David Tennant joining them for the first season, and J.R. Ramirez, Terry Chen, Leah Gibson and Janet McTeer joining for the second season. A version of the series was originally developed by Rosenberg for ABC in 2010, but the network passed on it. By late 2013, Rosenberg was reworking the series for Netflix as A.K.A. Jessica Jones. Ritter was cast as Jones in December 2014. Jessica Jones is filmed in New York City, in areas that still look like old Hell's Kitchen.

All episodes of the first season premiered on November 20, 2015. They were released to critical acclaim, with critics noting Ritter's and Tennant's performances as well as the series' noir tone, approach to sexuality, and depiction of darker topics such as rape, assault and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In January 2016, Netflix renewed Jessica Jones for a second season; filming began in April 2017 and concluded in September 2017. The second season was released on March 8, 2018, and a third season was ordered on April 12, 2018, which is scheduled to be released on June 14, 2019.^[4] On February 18, 2019, Netflix canceled the series, making the forthcoming third season its last.^[5]

• 3Episodes
• 4Production
  • 4.4Design
• 5Release
• 6Reception

Premise[edit]

Following the tragic end of her brief superhero career, Jessica Jones tries to rebuild her life as a private investigator, dealing with cases involving people with remarkable abilities in New York City.^[6] After her encounter with Kilgrave, Jones begins to put her life back together, taking on a new case that makes her reluctantly confront her past and who she really is.^[7]

Cast and characters[edit]

• Krysten Ritter as Jessica Jones:
  A former superhero with superhuman strength and limited flight suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, who runs her own detective agency,^[8][9] Alias Investigations.^[10] Showrunner Melissa Rosenberg had Ritter on the top of her list for playing Jones, even when Rosenberg was developing the series for ABC.^[11]Marvel Television head Jeph Loeb noted that the character 'has real problems with a number of things that she abuses! And we're not shying away from that.'^[12] Ritter described the character as 'very rough around the edges, and dry and sarcastic and a total asshole sometimes. But I think at her core she's a good person.'^[11] She put on 10 pounds (4.5 kg) of muscle for the role.^[13] Elizabeth Cappuccino portrayed a young Jessica.^[14]
• Mike Colter as Luke Cage:
  A man with superhuman strength and unbreakable skin, whom Jones encounters in the course of an investigation.^[15][16] Colter put on 30 pounds (14 kg) of muscle for the role,^[17] and described the character as 'a darker, grittier, more tangible character than Iron Man or Thor. He likes to keep things close to his chest, operate on the hush-hush.'^[16] Colter was pleased and surprised that the audience 'got' the character, as Luke 'was a man of few words and a lot of subtext,' which was refreshing: 'we were going for this character in a way that said little but spoke volumes .. I felt people got the subtleties.'^[18]
• Rachael Taylor as Patricia 'Trish' Walker:
  A former model and child star known as 'Patsy', Jones' adoptive sister and best friend who now works as a radio host.^[19] Jones' best friend was going to be Carol Danvers when Rosenberg was developing the series at ABC,^[20][21] and was changed to Walker due to the changing nature of the MCU and the fact that Danvers would feature in her own film. Rosenberg ultimately found this to be 'much more appropriate .. it was better that [Jessica's] best friend was not someone with powers. It actually ends up being a really great mirror for her.'^[21] Loeb said, 'what's most important is the relationship between [Walker] and Jessica, and how these two women who are [sisters] could be that different, and yet believe in the same kinds of things'.^[22] Catherine Blades portrayed a young Trish.
• Wil Traval as Will Simpson:
  An NYPD sergeant who is very serious about his job.^[10][23] Traval felt that Simpson sees everything in 'black and white' and that 'justice can be served easily,' an opposite to Jessica, who 'deals in a world of gray' that causes the two to have friction between them.^[24] Traval described the character as 'reinvented' and 'reshaped' for the series from the one in the comics, as the comic character was 'a little bit too hard to handle. [H]e was just a psychotic crazy guy.'^[24][25][26]
• Erin Moriarty as Hope Shlottman:
  A student-athlete attending New York University who is a client of Alias Investigations.^[10][24][26] Moriarty called her character a 'polar opposite' to Jessica Jones, describing Hope as 'an all-American girl, [innocent and] really earnest'. Over the course of the series, the two form a bond, with Jessica becoming protective of Hope, due to a shared experience they have with Kilgrave.^[27]
• Eka Darville as Malcolm Ducasse:
  Jones' neighbor who struggles with drug addiction, resulting in his personal journey intertwining with hers.^[10][24] Darville stated Malcolm was a new character for the series, though inspired by 'seed characters' from the comics. He also felt playing the character with the drug addiction 'was pretty intense and dark' and that Malcolm's relationship with Jessica 'is like a flip-flop between victim and savior .. much more [sibling-like] than anything else.'^[24]
• Carrie-Anne Moss as Jeri Hogarth:
  An attorney and potentially powerful ally to Jones, who hires Jones for cases.^[28][29] The character's gender was changed from male to female for the series, and the character was made a lesbian.^[30] Moss signed on to the series after reading the first two scripts, having been pitched the character by Loeb and Rosenberg. Moss described the character as fierce, strong, and powerful, and 'she likes that power.' She worked 'a few days every episode', which allowed her to grow the character throughout the series, while not knowing what the character would become as she played each moment, which she noted was how real-life is.^[31]
• David Tennant as Kilgrave:
  A man from Jones' past who can control minds.^[32] He was born Kevin Thompson and was experimented on as a young child, gaining his powers. Loeb called him 'a terrible man who doesn't see himself as terrible' and compared him to Vincent D'Onofrio's Wilson Fisk in Daredevil, saying, 'there are going to be times [watching Daredevil] when you're uncomfortable because you're not quite rooting for Matt, you're kind of rooting for Wilson, and it's the same kind of thing you're going to find in Jessica. There's going to be moments where some of the things that she does is pretty questionable. And some of the things that, when you learn about Kilgrave's character and the way that David Tennant plays that character, it's really extraordinary.'^[12][23] James Freedson-Jackson portrayed a young Kilgrave.
• J.R. Ramirez as Oscar Arocho: A single father and the new superintendent in Jones' building.^[33]
• Terry Chen as Pryce Cheng: A rival private investigator to Jones.^[34]
• Leah Gibson as Inez Green: A 'street-wise' nurse.^[35]
• Janet McTeer as Alisa Jones: Jessica's mother.^[36] The character was first portrayed by Miriam Shor in flashbacks during the first season,^[37] before McTeer took over the role as a series regular for the second season.^[36]

Episodes[edit]

Season 1 (2015)[edit]

Season 2 (2018)[edit]

Production[edit]

Development[edit]

In December 2010, Melissa Rosenberg was developing AKA Jessica Jones for ABC under her new production banner Tall Girls Productions, along with ABC Studios and Marvel Television. The series, which would be based on the comic book series Alias and centered on the character Jessica Jones, was intended to air in 2011 of the 2011–12 television season, with Marvel Television head Jeph Loeb, Joe Quesada, Alan Fine, and Howard Klein serving as executive producers, and Alias writer Brian Michael Bendis acting as a consultant.^[6] At the 2011 San Diego Comic-Con International, Loeb said the series was 'about a failed superhero who is rebuilding her life as a private detective in New York City,' and would include the characters Carol Danvers and Luke Cage.^[20] In November, Rosenberg said the show was now 'hoping to get on the schedule for' 2012 of the 2012–13 television season, and added, 'I love this character. That is an incredibly damaged, dark, complex female character that kicks ass .. [she is] a former superhero with PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder.' She also stated that, while Cage was a part of the series, the couple's daughter Danielle would appear 'way down the road.'^[38] Rosenberg said later in the month that the series would acknowledge the existence of the Marvel Cinematic Universe, with references to Tony Stark and Stark Industries in the pilot script, but admitted that 'As we go along things will alter in terms of what is made available to us, but we're definitely in that universe. Twilight online free no download. We are in no way denying that that universe exists. And as much as I can I'm going to pull everything in from there that I can use'. She also confirmed that Danvers would be a principal character in the series.^[39]

In May 2012, ABC president Paul Lee said the network had passed on the series.^[40] Later that year, Rosenberg was shopping the show around to other networks,^[41] saying 'I don't know if it's an ABC show. It might be a cable show, really. The [Alias] graphic novel is the first one that Marvel did that was meant to serve an adult audience. I toned it down a little bit for network, but it's very, very easy to translate that into cable. Very easy.'^[42] In October 2013, Deadline reported that Marvel was preparing four drama series and a miniseries, totaling 60 episodes, to present to video on demand services and cable providers, with Netflix, Amazon, and WGN America expressing interest.^[43] A few weeks later, Marvel and Disney announced that Marvel Television and ABC Studios would provide Netflix with live action series centered around Jessica Jones, Daredevil, Iron Fist, and Luke Cage, leading up to a miniseries based on the Defenders.^[44] Rosenberg was brought on to write and produce the new incarnation of the series, to be reconfigured from her original project,^[45][46] which she called a 'page one do-over' from her original vision.^[22]Liz Friedman also serves as an executive producer on the series during the first season.^[47] In December 2014, the official title was revealed to be Marvel's A.K.A. Jessica Jones.^[48] However, in June 2015, Marvel revealed that the title for the series would be shortened to Marvel's Jessica Jones.^[49] On why the title was shortened, Loeb said, 'It literally just became one of those things that happens. We had talked about whether that was the best title for it, and that's how it happened.' Rosenberg added that the 'AKA' would still be seen in the name of each episode.^[22]

In January 2016, Netflix ordered a second season of 13 episodes.^[50]Raelle Tucker joined the series as an executive producer and writer for the second season, replacing Friedman, who departed the series to work on the pilot for the ABC series, Conviction.^[51] A third season was ordered on April 12, 2018, a month after the second season was released.^[52] That August, Rosenberg signed a deal to move from Netflix to Warner Bros. Television to develop new projects for the latter, after she had been looking to 'do something different'. Rosenberg remained showrunner of the series through completion of the third season.^[53] The series was canceled on February 18, 2019 ahead of the third season premiere.^[5]

Writing[edit]

—Showrunner Melissa Rosenberg on approaching 'issues'^[54]

Rosenberg talked about the freedom that the series had, saying that it would go 'even further in all our storytelling' than what Brian Michael Bendis did in the Alias comic: 'That's the beauty of working with Netflix. It's 13 [episodes]. There's no pilot and then getting feedback, reaction and ratings. You're in this bubble. So, what's the story you want to tell? Where do you want to go with [the characters]?'^[55] Expanding on this, Rosenberg said that 'we start off with [Bendis'] incredible source material and Jessica Jones isn't as well known in the universe obviously as Daredevil and everyone else, so it really allows for a lot of freedom in there. So there are restrictions in terms of the Marvel [Cinematic U]niverse of certain rules of mythology, but within that it's free pass'.^[11] Rosenberg noted that the final series is very different from the version she developed for ABC because of the different mythology of the MCU.^[54]

Rosenberg invited Bendis to the series' writers room early on in the writing process, so the writers could ask Bendis any questions about the character. He walked away from the meeting saying, 'they were asking the right questions, and that's a good sign.' Bendis also noted that Rosenberg was approaching the character and issues of rape and abuse differently to him, on which he said 'I made the right choice for me as a writer then and they're making the right choice for them as writers now. I thought about how much is different and how much has changed, and if it's not brought up in Jessica, when will it be brought up? So I was like, 'Yeah, you should.' I thought that Melissa and the writers were the people to do that and that medium was better-suited to tell that kind of story.'^[56]

Casting[edit]

In August 2014, Sarandos said the series was beginning to look 'at casting Jessica.'^[57] By November, Krysten Ritter, Alexandra Daddario, Teresa Palmer, Jessica De Gouw, and Marin Ireland were being tested for the role of Jessica Jones,^[8] with Ritter having been auditioning since October.^[11] Additionally, Lance Gross, Mike Colter, and Cleo Anthony were in contention for the role of Luke Cage, which was envisioned as a recurring role in the series before headlining Luke Cage.^[8] The next month, Ritter was cast as Jessica Jones. Ritter and Palmer had been the final candidates for the role, with both auditioning opposite Colter to test chemistry.^[9] Colter was confirmed as Luke Cage later in December.^[15] In January 2015, David Tennant was cast as Kilgrave,^[32] and Rachael Taylor was cast as Patricia 'Trish' Walker.^[19] The latter character was added to the series as a replacement for Danvers, as she was set to feature in her own film.^[21] A month later, Carrie-Ann Moss joined the cast,^[28] with her role revealed that October to be a female version of male comic book character Jeryn Hogarth.^[30] Also in February, Eka Darville, Erin Moriarty, and Wil Traval were cast as Malcolm Ducasse,^[10] Hope Shlottman,^[10][26] and Will Simpson, respectively.^[10][26]

Ritter,^[58] Taylor,^[59] Darville,^[60] and Moss return for the second season.^[61] They are joined by J.R. Ramirez as Oscar Arocho,^[33]Terry Chen as Pryce Cheng,^[34]Leah Gibson as Inez Green,^[35][62] and Janet McTeer as Alisa Jones.^[36] Traval and Tennant also appear in the second season as guest stars.^[63][64] Ritter, Taylor, Moss, and Darville also return for the third season.^[52]

Design[edit]

Costumes[edit]

Stephanie Maslansky returned as the costume designer for Jessica Jones from Daredevil,^[65] and was assisted on the first episode by Jenn Rogien, who crafted Jessica Jones' costume of leather jacket, faded jeans, and boots.^[66] Maslansky's fashion choices for each character were influenced by their comic incarnations, with her saying, 'You really have to study your history of the original characters and see how they dress, how they were originally drawn, how they evolved through the years in these comics. And what you might discover is that, as illustrated, they kind of do wear the same thing all the time.' Maslansky also stated that 'everyone has a very specific look, and you can vary within that look, but it's not over the top. It has to feel realistic and feel very grounded in this authentic reality we've created in Hell's Kitchen.'^[67] On Jones' costume, Maslansky said she 'considers her clothing to be an armor and a shield and something that helps her maintain a distance from other people and privacy. It keeps her from having to deal with the rest of humanity in a certain sort of way.' At least 10 versions of Jones' jacket were made, which started as an Acne Studios leather motorcycle jacket that had any 'bells and whistles and any additional superfluous design details' removed, while 20 pairs of jeans were used, with both being aged and distressed.^[66]

Title sequence[edit]

The series' title sequence, created by Imaginary Forces,^[68] incorporates the jazz-style theme from composer Sean Callery mixed with artwork by David Mack, the cover artist for the original Alias comic,^[69] 'taking [the viewer] around seedier, noir-esque corners of Hell's Kitchen, as if through Jessica's eyes'.^[70]

Arisu Kashiwagi, lead designer at Imaginary Forces for the title sequence, was 'inspired by all the changing activity and vignettes within those rows of windows [for New York-style buildings] — the patterns of light, color, narratives, and graphic silhouettes. It is pretty amazing how much you can see and the number of windows out there with wide open shades .. I could understand our innate fascination with the rear window and that discomforting pleasure when catching a small sliver of a private act.' She also looked to Edward Hopper's 'Night Windows' and Gerhard Richter's paintings for reference. In order to differentiate the sequence from other painting-inspired ones, Kashiwagi chose to take 'a more modern, abstract look while also embracing the spirit of David Mack's watercolor paintings from' Alias. On the design concept, she added, 'We based the concept off of Jessica's PTSD and alcoholism, her blurry, unreliable point of view, and translated that visually using paint strokes that smear and obfuscate the scenes .. the scenes would appear only in small sections of the frame, either blocked by a foreground element or contained inside of a silhouetted framing device.' Michelle Dougherty, creative director on the project, looked to the opening sequence of Alfred Hitchcock's Rear Window to help create the 'voyeuristic approach' as well as 'using the city as a character' to highlight 'the dark places [and] the grit' where Jones investigates.^[68]

Filming[edit]

Filming for the series takes place in New York City,^[71] including areas of Brooklyn and Long Island City that still look like the old Hell's Kitchen,^[72]Douglaston, Queens,^[73] as well as sound stage work.^[72] Manuel Billeter serves as director of photography for the series.^[74]

Visual effects[edit]

Visual effects for the series were completed by the New York studio Shade VFX, who also worked on Daredevil, with Bryan Goodwin serving as visual effects supervisor.^[75]

Music[edit]

At the 2015 San Diego Comic-Con International, Sean Callery revealed he was composing the music for the series.^[76] Callery did not begin composing the series' main theme until after reading two or three scripts, and did not see the opening graphics until after the second episode, at which point he had 'a framework for a theme that [he] hoped would work'. At this time, Callery said he started 'fooling around' with ideas for the theme, and eventually settled on one that he felt had a 'sneaky and fun-ness' quality, adding, Jessica Jones 'has dry humor, a real edge to her. But there was something to this character that had a little whisker of playfulness in there, like a cat or something.' After creating the theme, Callery began working on the rhythmic quality of it, eventually fully orchestrating his idea into what became the resulting opening theme. Regarding the electric guitar's entrance, Callery pointed out that it got 'bigger there because as I looked at the graphics, the lights got a little more strobe-y. So that's when I decided the electric guitar might be a kind of neat add there so that the whole piece will arc a little more.'^[77] A soundtrack album for the first season was released digitally on June 3, 2016.^[78][79] Jamie Forsyth also contributed to the music of the first season.^[79] A soundtrack album for the second season was released digitally on March 16, 2018.^[80]

Marvel Cinematic Universe tie-ins[edit]

Jessica Jones is the second of the ordered Netflix series, after Daredevil, and was followed by Luke Cage and Marvel's Iron Fist, which led to the miniseries, The Defenders.^[81][82][83] In November 2013, Disney CEO Bob Iger stated that, if the characters prove popular on Netflix, 'It's quite possible that they could become feature films,'^[84] which Sarandos echoed in July 2015.^[85] In August 2014, Vincent D'Onofrio, who played Wilson Fisk in Daredevil, stated that after the 'series stuff with Netflix', Marvel has 'a bigger plan to branch out'.^[86] In March 2015, Loeb spoke on the ability for the series to crossover with the MCU films and the ABC television series, saying, 'It all exists in the same universe. As it is now, in the same way that our films started out as self-contained and then by the time we got to The Avengers, it became more practical for Captain America to do a little crossover into Thor 2 and for Bruce Banner to appear at the end of Iron Man 3. We have to earn that. The audience needs to understand who all of these characters are and what the world is before you then start co-mingling in terms of where it's going.'^[87]

On specific crossovers with Daredevil, which had completed its first season by the time Jessica Jones began casting, Loeb said 'they're in the same area. In some cases they are in the same neighborhood. One of the things that is important to us is, when you enter the police station, it's the same police station. When you go to the hospital, you start to see the same people. [But] we don't want people suddenly going, 'Wait, is that Matt Murdock that's walking down the street?' Because that's going to feel odd, and in a weird way feel false.'^[12] On existing in the MCU, specifically in the same world as the other Netflix series, Rosenberg said, 'Jessica Jones is a very, very different show than Daredevil. We exist in a cinematic universe, [and] the mythology of the universe is connected, but they look very different, tonally they're very different .. That was my one concern coming in: Am I going to have to fit into Daredevil or what's come before? And the answer is no.'^[55]

Release[edit]

Jessica Jones is available on the streaming service Netflix, in all territories where it is available,^[47][48] in Ultra HD4K and high dynamic range (HDR).^[91] The first season was enhanced to be available in HDR after its initial release by post-production vendor Deluxe.^[92] The episodes for each season were released simultaneously, as opposed to a serialized format, to encourage binge-watching, a format which has been successful for other Netflix original series.^[71][72]

Marketing[edit]

Disney Consumer Products created a small line of products to cater to a more adult audience, given the show's edgier tone. Paul Gitter, senior VP of Marvel Licensing for Disney Consumer Products explained that the focus would be more on teens and adults than very young people, with products at outlets like Hot Topic. Additionally, a Marvel Knights merchandise program was created to support the series, which creates new opportunities for individual product lines and collector focused products. Licensing partners wanted to pair up with Marvel, despite this not being a film project, given its previous successes.^[93]

Reception[edit]

Audience viewership[edit]

As Netflix does not reveal subscriber viewership numbers for any of their original series, Karim Zreik, senior vice president of original programming at Marvel Television, provided some viewership demographics for Jessica Jones in August 2017, noting that the series has attracted a large number of female viewers.^[94] Also in the month, Netflix released viewing patterns for the Marvel Netflix series. The data, which came from Netflix's '1,300 'taste communities' around the world, where subscribers are grouped based on what they watch', showed that viewers would not watch the series in chronological order by release, rather starting with Jessica Jones, then Daredevil, Luke Cage and finally Iron Fist. Todd Yellin, Netflix's vice president of product innovation, noted that audiences watch the series 'in order of how they're interested in them and how they learn about them.' Netflix's data also showed that a viewer watching Jessica Jones would most often then move on to Daredevil, and vice versa, with Yellin figuring that Jessica Jones and Luke Cage would have paired up more, given that Cage was introduced on Jessica Jones. The data also revealed that other 'comedies and shows with strong women' such as Friends, Master of None and Orange Is the New Black led viewers to starting Jessica Jones.^[95] In October 2018, Crimson Hexagon, a consumer insights company, released data that examined the 'social-media buzz' for the series to try to correlate it with potential viewership. The data showed that when the first season premiered in November 2015, the season had just under 300,000 Twitter and Instagram posts regarding it, and when the second season was released in March 2018, the posts had declined by half, to under 150,000.^[96]

Critical response[edit]

The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 93% approval rating with an average rating of 8.24/10, based on 76 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, 'Jessica Jones builds a multifaceted drama around its engaging antihero, delivering what might be Marvel's strongest TV franchise to date.'^[97]Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 81 out of 100 based on 32 critics, indicating 'universal acclaim'.^[98]

For season two, Rotten Tomatoes reported an 81% approval rating with an average rating of 6.99/10, based on 81 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, 'While Jessica Jones is a slower burn with less focus than its inaugural season, its enticing new character arc more fully details the most charismatic Defender.'^[99] Metacritic assigned the season a score of 70 out of 100 based on 19 critics, indicating 'generally favorable reviews'.^[100]

Accolades[edit]

In December 2015, IGN named Jessica Jones the best Netflix original programming series released to date.^[101]

Other media[edit]

In November 2015, an update for the mobile fighting game Marvel: Contest of Champions was released, featuring a six-part story quest involving Jessica Jones and Daredevil, along with a level based on Hell's Kitchen. Additionally, Jessica Jones was added to the role-playing game Marvel: Future Fight.^[119]

References[edit]

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External links[edit]

• Official website
• Jessica Jones on Netflix
• Jessica Jones on IMDb
• Jessica Jones at TV.com

Alias is an American action television series created by J. J. Abrams, that was broadcast on ABC for five seasons, from September 30, 2001, to May 22, 2006.^[1] It stars Jennifer Garner as Sydney Bristow, a double agent for the Central Intelligence Agency posing as an operative for SD-6, a worldwide criminal and espionage organization.

The main theme of the series explores Sydney's obligation to conceal her true career from her friends and family, even as she assumes multiple aliases to carry out her missions. This theme is most prevalent in the first two seasons of the show. A major plotline of the series is the search for and recovery of artifacts created by Milo Rambaldi, a fictitious Renaissance-era figure with similarities to both Leonardo da Vinci and Nostradamus. This plot, and some technologies used in the series, place Alias into the genre of science fiction.

The series was well received among critics and has been included in several 'best of' lists, including the American Film Institute's top ten list for television programs in 2003.^[2] The show also received numerous awards and nominations.

• 1Plot
• 2Cast
• 8Reception
  • 8.3Awards and nominations
  • 8.4Cultural influence
• 10Merchandise

Plot[edit]

Season 1: 2001–2002[edit]

Seven years before the first episode, Sydney Bristow was an undergraduate student. She was approached by someone claiming to work for the Central Intelligence Agency. She was offered a job as an agent. She accepted the job and was assigned to a unit called SD-6, which she was told was a secret 'Black Ops' section of the CIA. She became a field agent. In the pilot, she tells her fiancé Danny Hecht (played by Edward Atterton) that she is a spy and as a result of her revealing SD-6's existence to an outsider, Danny is murdered by SD-6. She discovers that her father Jack Bristow is also an SD-6 agent and that SD-6 is not part of the CIA; instead, it is part of the Alliance of Twelve, an organization that is an enemy to the United States. Sydney decides to offer her services to the real CIA as a double agent. She learns that her father is also a double agent for the CIA. She begins the long and arduous task of destroying SD-6 from the inside.

Major plotlines from season 1 include Sydney hiding her triple-identity from her friends, both in her personal life and in her SD-6 job, Will Tippin's investigation into Danny's death, and the past activities of Sydney's mother. Sub-plots include Sydney's friendship with Francie, Francie's romantic relationship with Charlie, and Sydney's developing relationship with her CIA handler Michael Vaughn, of whom she is skeptical at first but grows to trust as her life becomes increasingly stressful. Season One focuses on the development of Sydney's character, and allows the audience to become familiar with her.

Season 2: 2002–2003[edit]

The second season begins with the introduction of Irina Derevko, Sydney's mother, who soon becomes a key character in the series. Midway through the second season, the series underwent a 'reboot' of sorts with Sydney successfully destroying SD-6 and becoming a regular agent for the CIA, still in pursuit of former SD-6 leader Arvin Sloane, his associate Julian Sark, and the Rambaldi artifacts. Sydney's friends at SD-6, Marcus Dixon and Marshall Flinkman, are finally made aware of her dual identity and recruited into the CIA. Sydney also begins a romantic relationship with Vaughn, now that their relationship will not endanger them.

In the second half of the season, it is revealed that Francie Calfo, Sydney's best friend, was murdered and replaced by Allison Doren, a woman who was transfigured to look exactly like her. Allison was then in a position to spy on Sydney and Will. The end of the season saw Will possibly murdered and Sydney killing Allison and then falling unconscious. Sydney awakens two years later in Hong Kong, unable to remember the two years that have passed. She soon learns that her friends and the CIA believed her to be dead, and Vaughn found a new love and is now married.

Season 3: 2003–2004[edit]

The third season takes place two years after the events of season 2, with Sydney having been missing and presumed dead. DNA evidence in a badly burned body confirmed her death to her family and friends. The truth, however, is that Sydney was kidnapped by a terrorist organization called The Covenant, who tried to brainwash her into believing she was an assassin named Julia Thorne. Eventually Sydney voluntarily had her memories of the two years erased in an attempt to forget some of the deeds she was forced to undertake as Julia and to ensure that one of Rambaldi's most dangerous artifacts would never be found.

As Sydney recovers, she begins investigating her absence while reintegrating into the CIA. There she deals with the facts that Arvin Sloane had become a world-renowned humanitarian after being pardoned, and that Michael Vaughn had married NSC agent Lauren Reed. Reed is later revealed to be a member of the Covenant and a lover of Julian Sark. The National Security Council plays a role as a government organization that holds massive unsupervised power, with a Guantanamo-like detention facility, considerable influence over the CIA, and driven by questionable motives. Sydney later discovers that her mother and Arvin Sloane had a child together, the result of an affair between the two years earlier. She locates her half-sister, Nadia, and rescues her from being killed by the Covenant. At the end of the season, Sydney goes on a mission and encounters Lauren. After they battle, Lauren begins to taunt Sydney by saying she has information about her past. When Vaughn shows up, Sydney goes to him, leaving Lauren a chance to attack again. Vaughn shoots Lauren, and she dies, but before she does she gives Sydney the number of a security deposit box where she can find information about her past.

Season 4: 2005[edit]

Season 4 begins where season three ended: with Sydney uncovering a shocking, classified document called 'S.A.B. 47 Project.' It is explained that the document authorizes Jack Bristow to execute Sydney's mother, who had mysteriously placed a contract on Sydney's life (this was apparently something of a retcon to cover for actress Lena Olin presumably not returning to the series). The first page refers to Sydney as the 'active' subject of a 'project' that began on April 17, 1975, a possible reference to Project Christmas, and also setting up Jack as either the real head of (or somehow involved with,) the Covenant and/or being a descendant of Rambaldi or Rambaldi himself. Sydney joins a black ops division of the CIA, patterned after SD-6 and run by her one-time nemesis Arvin Sloane. The new division is dubbed 'APO': Authorized Personnel Only. Members of APO (all hand-picked by Sloane) include almost all of the recurring characters from previous seasons, including Jack, Vaughn, Sydney's former partner (and third season CIA director) Marcus Dixon, the computer and technical genius, Marshall Flinkman, and Vaughn's best friend Eric Weiss (brought in after having to be rescued by Sydney and Vaughn, who he previously believed to have left the CIA). Sloane's daughter and Sydney's half-sister Nadia Santos also eventually returns to join APO.

During the season, an Arvin Sloane impostor, jokingly identified as 'Arvin Clone', acquired the technology to implement a Rambaldi-predicted apocalypse. Using Omnifam, the real Sloane had polluted the world's drinking water with chemicals that caused feelings of peace and tranquility. However, these feelings can be reversed with the Mueller device. The third Derevko sister, Elena, had built a giant Mueller device in Sovogda, Russia, which drove the residents to insanity. Sydney, Jack, Irina, Nadia, and Vaughn parachute in, destroy the device and kill Elena. But Nadia is injected with the tainted water and driven insane. She battles Sydney until Sloane is forced to shoot his own daughter. Nadia is later put into a coma while a cure is sought and Irina is allowed to escape. The season concludes with Sydney and Vaughn becoming engaged. On a trip to Santa Barbara, Vaughn confides a shocking secret: his name isn't really Michael Vaughn; their initial meeting wasn't coincidental; and that his allegiance may not be to the CIA. Before he can divulge any more information, another car crashes into theirs and the season ends.

For over 50 years, MIMS has provided trusted and relevant clinical information for over two million healthcare professionals in Asia. Designed for busy. Paperback; Publisher: CIMS; 2008 edition (2018); Language: English; ISBN-10: 014; ASIN: B00BSQBWGG; Product Dimensions: 2 x 6 x 8 cm. Cims india book. Search drug, interactions and image information in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia, S'pore, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, India & USA.

Season 5: 2005–2006[edit]

As season five begins, Vaughn is abducted. Sydney learns that Vaughn is under suspicion of being a double agent and that the crash may have been a cover for his extraction. Vaughn later escapes and explains to Sydney that his real name is André Michaux. He reveals that he is investigating a secret operation known as Prophet Five, which at one point involved his father. During a mission in recovering a Prophet Five book, Sydney receives a phone call from her doctor with some untimely news – she's pregnant. (This development was created to deal with the actress' real-life pregnancy.^[3][4]) Vaughn is later shot, and apparently killed, on orders of Prophet Five operative Gordon Dean. Four months later, as Sydney continues to investigate Vaughn's murder, she works with an assassin and associate of his, Renée Rienne, in order to unearth the inner workings of Prophet Five, while at the same time trailing Dean and his criminal organization 'The Shed', disguised as a black ops CIA division, very much like SD-6.

Two new members are added to APO to replace Weiss, who moved to Washington, D.C. for a new job, and Nadia, who is still in a coma. Thomas Grace is a brash young agent with unorthodox methods who often butts heads with Sydney. Rachel Gibson is a computer specialist who, like Sydney, was deceived into thinking she was working for the real CIA and briefly works as a mole within The Shed, as did Sydney within SD-6, before The Shed's destruction by Dean. Sydney's mom and dad help her deliver her baby girl while under attack in a high-rise in Vancouver, Canada, on a mission in Season 5's Episode 11 'Maternal Instinct.' In an ongoing subplot, Arvin Sloane follows his own personal obsession, finding a cure for Nadia. Sloane is jailed for his actions during Season 4; however, he is released after the sentencing committee is manipulated by Dean. In exchange for his freedom, Sloane is now working for Dean as a mole within APO. Unaware of Sloane's new allegiance, Jack agrees to let Sloane rejoin APO and use its resources to seek a cure for his daughter.

With the series' end, it emerges that Sloane's ultimate goal is that of immortality, for which he sacrifices his daughter Nadia's life. However, he is trapped in Rambaldi's tomb by a critically wounded Jack, who sacrifices himself via a bomb to avenge all the pain Sloane caused Sydney over the years. Thus moments after Sloane achieves immortality he is trapped for all of eternity in a cave, where even Nadia's ghost deserts him. Sydney tracks Sark and the Horizon to Hong Kong, finding Irina. After a final battle between them, Irina plunges to her death. The series ends with a flash forward to several years in the future. Sydney and Vaughn are semi-retired and married, with a second child named Jack in honour of Sydney's father. Daughter Isabelle exhibits the same ability to complete the CIA test that marked Sydney's inborn skills to be an ideal agent at that age. After completing the puzzle, Sydney calls to her from outside, asking what she is doing. She responds by saying, 'Nothing', as she casually knocks it over before running outside to join everyone.

Cast[edit]

Main characters[edit]

Alias featured an ensemble cast portraying the various people in Sydney's life. During the course of the series, every main character becomes involved in the world of espionage in some form or another.

• Sydney Bristow (Jennifer Garner) daughter of Jack Bristow and Irina Derevko is a graduate student in English in Los Angeles. She moonlights as an operative for SD-6, which she initially believed was a black ops division of the CIA. Her fiancé was murdered in the pilot episode, and she then learned SD-6 is actually a branch of an international criminal organization known as the Alliance of Twelve. She then becomes a double agent for the real CIA. She would later become a member of APO, a black-ops division of the CIA. Sydney has 41 confirmed kills through the series.
• Arvin Sloane (Ron Rifkin) was the head of SD-6 and APO, the show's main antagonist. Originally a loyal CIA officer, he is obsessed with the work of a 15th-century prophet – Milo Rambaldi. Though sometimes showing a genuine affection to the Bristows, he's always ready to hurt them and even kill them, and vice versa.
• Michael Vaughn (Michael Vartan) was Sydney's CIA handler and later partner. He and Sydney share a mutual attraction, which eventually leads to a relationship. At the end of Season 4, it is revealed that it was not a coincidence that he met Sydney. Despite departing in season 5 as a series regular, Michael Vartan's character was still credited as a main cast member in the first episode then special guest star in the latter part of the season.
• Will Tippin (Bradley Cooper) was a reporter for a local newspaper and is one of Sydney's two best friends. After the death of Sydney's fiancé, Will begins to investigate and eventually learns of the existence of SD-6. The discovery threatens his life but he later is recruited as an analyst for the CIA. He is put into witness protection at the beginning of Season three. The character however makes occasional appearances in later seasons.
• Francie Calfo (Merrin Dungey) is Sydney's other best friend. When Season 1 begins, she is Sydney's roommate and fellow graduate student. In Season 2, she drops out of her graduate program and opens a restaurant in the Silver Lake neighborhood of Los Angeles. She remains largely unaware of the spy world until the middle of season two when she is killed and her identity is stolen by a doppelgänger. She (and her double) also dated Will during the second season.
• Marcus Dixon (Carl Lumbly) is Sydney's partner and friend at SD-6. He is the first one to notice signs of Sydney's betrayal, but dismisses his thoughts as foolish. During the two-year gap between the second and third season, he became a director at the CIA. However, he later resigns as he thinks the office job just isn't for him. Dixon later joins APO.
• Marshall Flinkman (Kevin Weisman) worked in tech support at SD-6. He takes up the same role in the CIA and at APO. Even though he is not field-trained, he has participated on missions in several occasions.
• Jack Bristow (Victor Garber) is Sydney's father and also works for SD-6 but is actually a double agent for the CIA. In Season 1, his relationship with Sydney is strained. He was devastated by her mother's 'death' and kept Sydney at arm's length for the rest of her childhood. As a CIA agent, he is exceptionally ruthless and skillful as evidenced by his CIA call signRaptor. After Sloane left, Jack took over as head of APO.
• Eric Weiss (Greg Grunberg) is a friend of Vaughn's and also a CIA agent. He later forges a relationship with Sydney's sister, Nadia. Amongst his over-the-top colleagues, he keeps a more human and gentle demeanor.
• Julian Sark (David Anders) is originally introduced as an operative working for Sydney's mother, but later proves to be an antagonist on his own. He has an instinct for self-preservation, thus making his loyalty flexible. During the third season he becomes the partner-in-crime of Vaughn's wife, Lauren, and eventually begins a relationship with her.
• Irina Derevko (Lena Olin) was a former Russian spy and also the mother of Sydney. During the 1970s, she was sent to United States with the objective to seduce and marry Jack Bristow in order to steal information from him about a project he was working on. She also assassinated several CIA officers, including Vaughn's father.
• Lauren Reed (Melissa George) is a NSC liaison at the CIA, and marries Vaughn during the two-year gap between the second and third season. She is later revealed to be a mole sent by The Covenant to watch over Vaughn should Sydney contact him during her involvement with them and also to steal crucial information from the CIA.
• Nadia Santos (Mía Maestro) is Sydney's half-sister, and the daughter of Irina Derevko and Arvin Sloane. Introduced at the end of the third season, she is 'The Passenger', a person who provides a direct line to Rambaldi. Prior to joining the CIA, she worked for the Argentine Intelligence.
• Rachel Gibson (Rachel Nichols) is a computer genius and introduced at the beginning of season five as an operative working for an organization that poses as the CIA known as The Shed. Unaware of this, she indirectly helps to apparently kill Michael Vaughn. After the truth is revealed to her, she joins the CIA in order to take down the organization that lied to her, much like Sydney did years before.
• Thomas Grace (Balthazar Getty) is an operative who is hired by Jack to join APO after the apparent death of Michael Vaughn. Years ago, his wife was shot and killed by an assassin who was intending to kill him.
• Renée Rienne (Élodie Bouchez) is an international terrorist known as 'The Raven' who worked years with Vaughn in order to investigate a group of people known as Prophet Five. After Vaughn's assassination by the Prophet Five, she allies with Sydney to take down the group.
• Kelly Peyton (Amy Acker) is a friend and former colleague of Rachel's. She works for The Shed, and later directly for Prophet Five. Together with Derevko sisters, or maybe more, she's the most ruthless character of the show.

Recurring characters[edit]

Characters are listed in order of appearance on the show.

In addition, Alias also featured many other famous actors in roles ranging from single-episode guest appearances to semi-recurring characters, including Jonathan Banks as Frederick Brandon, Raymond J. Barry as Senator George Reed, Tobin Bell as Karl Dreyer, Peter Berg as Noah Hicks, David Carradine as Conrad, David Cronenberg as Dr. Brezzel, Faye Dunaway as Ariana Kane, Griffin Dunne as Leonid Lisenker, Vivica A. Fox as Toni Cummings, Ricky Gervais as Daniel Ryan,^[5]John Hannah as Martin Shepard, Rutger Hauer as Anthony Geiger, Ethan Hawke as James Lennox,^[6]Djimon Hounsou as Kazari Bomani, Richard Lewis as Mitchell Yaeger, Peggy Lipton as Olivia Reed, Sir Roger Moore as Edward Poole,^[7]Richard Roundtree as Thomas Brill, Jason Segel as Sam Hauser, Christian Slater as Neil Caplan, Quentin Tarantino as McKenas Cole, Justin Theroux as Simon Walker, Keone Young as Professor Choy, and Danny Trejo as Emilio Vargas.

Production and crew[edit]

Produced by Touchstone Television and Bad Robot Productions, film production primarily took place in the greater Los Angeles area. Studio shooting primarily took place at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, along with some outdoor shots near some of the studio's famous buildings (such as the original Animation Building or the ABC building, which appeared as a building in Hong Kong in the season 1 episode 'The Coup'). Despite its worldwide locales, only one episode was ever filmed outside the Los Angeles region, in Las Vegas, Nevada.

• J. J. Abrams – executive producer
• John Eisendrath – executive producer (Season 1–3)
• Alex Kurtzman – executive producer (Season 2–3)
• Roberto Orci – executive producer (Season 2–3)
• Jeffrey Bell – executive producer (Season 4–5)
• Jeff Pinkner – executive producer (Season 5)
• Jesse Alexander – executive producer (Season 5)

Themes[edit]

• Family: Describing the family aspects of the show, Garner stated that Alias is about 'this woman and her father and trying to figure out what is always a complicated relationship in the context of life and death at work.'^[8]
• Prophecy: A good deal of Alias revolves around the prophecies of Milo Rambaldi. The viewer is first introduced to a prophecy about a woman who will 'render the greatest power unto utter desolation'.^[9] Later, as Sloane completes part of the Rambaldi prophecy he has received his own prophetic message. The Rambaldi storyline seemed to come to a close with the conclusion of Elena Derevko's endgame at the end of season four, but the fifth season introduced its own 'prophet' (also in pursuit of Rambaldi) in the form of the mysterious organization known as Prophet Five, which ended up being a reference to Rambaldi and the final part of his endgame, immortality, which had been set up in the first season, though this was only one part of his plan. The first part was world peace, which Elena Derevko perverted and attempted in Season 4.^[9]
• Trust and betrayal: Much of the first three seasons of the show revolved around issues of trust and betrayal. Most obvious is the betrayal of Sydney by SD-6 which starts the show. However, the show includes numerous other examples of betrayal including Irina's betrayal of Jack, Sloane's betrayal of the Alliance, Sydney's betrayal of SD-6 and Sydney's lying to her friends. The first season can be viewed as a story of Sydney learning to trust her father and the second season can be viewed as Sydney struggling with trust issues relating to her mother.^[9]
• Clandestine operations: The government agencies that Sydney works for are conducting secret operations in various countries regularly. The same applies of course to the mentioned illegal agencies which are battled against. Those clandestine operations deal with collecting the sought-after Rambaldi artifacts, but also with aspects like illegal arms trade or blackmailing. To further their objectives, the CIA or APO, respectively, arrest criminals from other countries and bring them to interrogation facilities of the CIA.^[9]

Credits, logos, and graphics[edit]

Alias is unusual for an American drama series in that the opening credits do not run until the end of the first long act, sometimes as late as 19 minutes into the episode. In some respects, this mimics the James Bond films, which likewise feature sometimes-lengthy pre-credits sequences. Depending on the demands of a particular episode, the credit sequence is occasionally dropped as the actor credits play over a scene; on those occasions, the series title does not appear on screen until the final fade out.

As the opening credits appear, the letters in the Alias reference flash in negative form one by one. The 'S' is the last letter to appear, this time in permanent negative. In virtually every episode, the title of a city or town location will slowly zoom in, with one letter being shown in negative and a specific scene appearing within that negative. As it usually does with the 'S' in the show title at the very start, this letter eventually takes up the entire screen and gives way to the scene itself.

The first three seasons used a minimalist credit sequence consisting only of the actors names appearing as the title Alias gradually forms in one corner of an otherwise black screen. For one frame in Seasons 1 and 3 during Victor Garber's credit, the Rambaldi 'eye' symbol ( <o> ) flashes over the Alias title, accompanied by a short 'whooshing' sound; In Season 2, it flashes during Lena Olin's credit. In season 5 it flashes during Balthazar Getty's credit.

For the fourth season, a shorter, flashier credit sequence was introduced that used a new, remixed version of the theme. As the cast names appeared, 52 images of Sydney in 47 various disguises appear in rapid succession, ending with a shot from the third-season premiere of her shooting a miniature grenade launcher.

For the fifth season, another credit sequence was designed, as the previous version was criticized for making it difficult to read the actors' names (since the eye was drawn to the many images of Jennifer Garner) and for focusing exclusively on Garner. Now for the first time, the actors are shown on screen as their names appear. The same remix of the theme music from the previous year is utilized. Also, the flashing of the letters when ALIAS is spelled out is actually in Morse code. The flashing translates to AGENT KANE (who was a character in the 2nd season played by Faye Dunaway). During the first half of the season, Elodie Bouchez appeared in the opening credits, but beginning with the episode 'S.O.S.' her credit was changed to a 'special guest star' credit outside the opening sequence and Amy Acker was added to the opening credits in place of Bouchez.

Most episodes in the first season included a prologue narrated by Sydney Bristow, setting up the premise of the series. In the first half of season two this was replaced by a voiceover by Greg Grunberg (who plays Agent Weiss) and later in season 2 was dropped entirely.

Timeframe[edit]

The events of the first season of Alias begin in 2001, the same year the series first aired. A reference to Homeland security midway through the first season suggests that the series begins not long before, or not long after September 11. (The series premiered 19 days following the 9/11 attacks.) Though there was reference to such a part of government, the federal Homeland Security department was not established until 2003. (Aside from the Homeland Security reference, there is no explicit reference to 9/11 in the first season; however, there is a reference to Osama bin Laden and a reference to the War on Terror in two episodes in season 2.) In season 1, each episode covers roughly the events of one week in Sydney's life; thus, each episode is said to take place a week apart, although this pattern is not maintained throughout the series. In several episodes, references were made to actual real world events. For example, in one episode, Sydney suggested to Vaughn that they should catch an L.A. Kings game and that they'd be taking on the Islanders. This actual game took place roughly around the same time that the episode was broadcast on January 20, 2002.

The season 2 finale, which sees Sydney lose two years of her life, suggests that the series as of the start of season 3 takes place two years ahead of 'real world' time. However, the series was not always consistent in maintaining this. For example, in season 3 episode 17 (airdate March 28, 2004), the date March 26, 2004, was shown on Lauren's event calendar. For most of the episodes in Season 3–4, the writers avoided mentioning any current calendar dates. The one fact that contradicted this was the date on the tombstone of the supposedly dead Irina Derevko, which, when calculated, suggests that the show was still running on 'real world' time rather than 2 years in the future. However, a statement made by Sydney in the fifth-season premiere 'Prophet 5' regarding the length of time since she first went undercover at SD-6 is in keeping with the established timeline. And finally, the timeline seems to jump back one more time. In the season 5 episode 'Out of the Box', character Renee tells Dr. Desantis, the genetic double of her father from the cryogenic box, that it is currently 2006. This appears to be the first direct reference to the actual date of events. In another episode in the same season, a hockey magazine received by Sydney indicates the date to be November 2005. Also in season five, Nadia Santos' hospital admission bracelet following her recovery in the episode '30 Seconds' reads '04-23-05,' and she mentions that it has almost been a year since she was hospitalized.

No time elapses between the end of season 1 and the beginning of season 2, and there are two years, one month, and several hours between seasons 2 and 3, 3 and 4, and 4 and 5 respectively (in addition, the events of the season 5 premiere episode take place over the course of 4 months). Given that there were roughly three to four months between the airing of the first few seasons, an 8-month interval between the broadcast of seasons 3 and 4, and a 4-month hiatus in the midst of season 5, by the final season, Alias would be only months ahead of real-world time, making the 2006 statement plausible in the timeline. The series finale makes a further jump forward of several years (c. 2014 based upon the age of Sydney's daughter).

Costumes, hair and wigs[edit]

The program was renowned for the vast array of hair styles adopted by the characters. Head Hair Designer Michael Reitz was nominated for Outstanding Hairstyling for a Series at the Emmys 5 years in a row (2002–2006); as well as 3 nominations and 1 win at the Hollywood Makeup Artist and Hair Stylist Guild Awards.

Notable contributions to the hair stylist team include:

• Karen Bartek (3 Emmy Award nominations)
• Julie Woods (1 Emmy Award nomination)
• Grace Hernandez (1 Emmy Award nomination)
• Kathrine Rees (1 Emmy Award nomination)
• Yesmin Osman (1 Emmy Award nomination)

Alias was also known for the variety of its costumes. USA Today wrote that the show 'features the most outrageous array of sexy costumes since Cher went off the air'.^[10] Laura Goldsmith was the costume designer^[10] and she received one Costume Designers Guild Award nomination.^[11]

Reception[edit]

Critical response[edit]

The New York edition of Time Out listed the show in their top 50 TV shows of the decade 2000 – 2009.^[12]Alias also appeared in UGO.com's list of Top 50 TV Shows of All Time.^[13] In 2010, Kristin dos Santos of E! ranked it number 4 on her list, 'Top 20 TV Series of the Past 20 Years'.^[14]

U.S. television ratings[edit]

Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of Alias on ABC.

Note: Each U.S. network television season starts in late September and ends in late May, which coincides with the completion of May sweeps.

Although Alias was never considered a major 'hit', its series run began during a time when the ABC television network was in decline, after Who Wants to Be a Millionaire saw its ratings plummet. In fact, Alias was one of the first shows to be placed in one of the old Who Wants to Be a Millionaire timeslots, which were Sunday nights at 9 p.m. in late 2001. For its first two seasons, family-friendly program The Wonderful World of Disney served as Alias' incompatible lead-in.^[20] Unlike many of the programs on ABC from 2001 to 2003, Alias was a series that garnered critical buzz,^{[citation needed]} a cult following,^{[citation needed]} and decent viewing numbers in the advertiser-friendly age 18–49 demographic. This led to ABC keeping the series on its schedule for 5 years.

The season 2 episode 'Phase One' aired as a lead-out for Super Bowl XXXVII. Despite earning critical acclaim from USA Today,^[21] and achieving series-high ratings of 17.4 million viewers, it was unable to fully benefit from the post-Super Bowl timeslot due to ABC airing an 40-minute post-game show (unusually long even by Super Bowl standards), which pushed its start time past 11:00 p.m. ET.^[22] The episode retained only 19 percent of the Super Bowl audience, and has the dubious distinction of earning the lowest overall ratings for a program airing after a Super Bowl since at least 1987, and the lowest rating ever (8.3 rating) in the age 18–49 demographic for a post-Super Bowl program,^[22] until Elementary in 2013.^[23]

Its ratings peak was reached in its fourth season, when ABC moved the program to Wednesday, in a 9:00 p.m. time slot following another (yet more successful) J. J. Abrams' drama, Lost,^[20] while airing the season's episodes in (almost) consecutive weeks beginning with the January 5, 2005, 2-hour season premiere (watched by 15.8 million viewers;^[24] the second most-watched episode in the series) and ending in May 2005. However, the fourth season was the only season in which this near-consecutive-week schedule was used, and the increase in audience numbers was minimal, as it faced competition from the results broadcasts of season 4 of American Idol, then nearing the peak of its popularity.

Coming off its most-watched season, Alias was moved to Thursdays at 8:00 p.m. in the fall of 2005 by ABC in an effort to invigorate the network's weak Thursday-night lineup. However, the move proved unsuccessful for the series, receiving the lowest viewership in the show's history. Alias became another scripted show in the history of ABC to not survive more than a year in this timeslot since Mork & Mindy was cancelled in 1982.^[25] In November 2005, ABC announced that the current fifth season of Alias would be its final one.^[26][27] ABC then temporarily aired Alias on Wednesdays at 10 p.m. in December, receiving the lead-in support of Lost.^[28]

ABC gave the show a 4-month hiatus (to allow Jennifer Garner to give birth to her first child) and when it was brought back in April 2006, its new timeslot was Wednesdays at 8 p.m. However, the viewer numbers remained dismal, culminating in a 2-hour series finale airing on Monday, May 22, 2006 (against the season finales of the hit dramas, Fox's 24 and CBS' CSI: Miami) which attracted 6.68 million viewers.^[29] In comparison, the first season averaged 9.7 million viewers.^[30]

Awards and nominations[edit]

Awards won[edit]

Golden Globe Awards

• Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series – Drama Jennifer Garner (2002)

Saturn Awards

• Best Network Television Series (2003)
• Best Actress in a Television Series Jennifer Garner (2003)
• Best Supporting Actor in a Television Series Victor Garber (2003)
• Cinescape Genre Female Face of the Future Melissa George (2004)

Screen Actors Guild Awards

• Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series Jennifer Garner (2004)

Awards nominated[edit]

Emmy Awards

• Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series Jennifer Garner (2002–2005)
• Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series Victor Garber (2002–2004)
• Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series (2002) J. J. Abrams
• Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series Lena Olin (2003)

Golden Globe Awards

• Best Television Series – Drama (2002)
• Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series – Drama Jennifer Garner (2003–2005)

Saturn Awards

• Best Network Television Series (2004–2005)
• Best Actress in a Television Series Jennifer Garner (2004)
• Best Actor in a Television Series Michael Vartan (2004)
• Best Supporting Actor in a Television Series Victor Garber (2004)
• Best Actress on Television Jennifer Garner (2005–2006)

Screen Actors Guild

• Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series Jennifer Garner (2003)

Cultural influence[edit]

In August 2003, the actual CIA enlisted Jennifer Garner to appear in a recruitment video, which would be shown at fairs and college campuses. A CIA officer said: 'Jennifer and the character of Sydney Bristow both reflect a lot of the qualities we look for in new career field officers.'^[31]

Parodies[edit]

The Alias production team has participated in at least two spoofs based upon the series and featuring cast members.

• The first was produced in 2002 for a segment of ABC's Monday Night Football in which Sydney (Jennifer Garner) is ordered by Sloane (Ron Rifkin) to infiltrate the locker room of the Washington RedskinsNFL team in order to steal the coach's playbook. Syd disguises herself as a cheerleader and distracts the 'Hogettes', a group of Redskins fans, with a glass of beer before stealing the book. Upon returning to SD-6 headquarters, she is horrified to find Sloane wearing a pig mask and oinking. This skit was advertised as being included in the season 2 DVD box set, but it was dropped from the set at the last minute, presumably due to copyright reasons. Another specially filmed MNF segment featuring Garner was included in the season 3 DVD set, but this was not, strictly speaking, a spoof.
• Another faux Alias 'episode' was produced for a 2003 TV special celebrating the 50th anniversary of ABC. Featuring most of the regular cast of the series, the skit began with Jack Bristow preparing Sydney and Vaughn for a mission, and informing them that they will have a new partner – Detective Columbo (Peter Falk). Columbo, in his usual eccentric behavior, proceeds to wreak havoc at CIA headquarters, accidentally shooting Vaughn with an anesthetic dart and volunteering to wear a skimpy bikini intended for Sydney during the mission. Columbo reveals that his mission is not to aid the CIA but rather to help Walt Disney Company/ABC head Michael Eisner better understand the show. His work completed, Columbo departs, leaving Jack to utter a confused, 'Dear God, that was strange.'

Other spoofs and humorous references include:

• In an episode of Bradley Cooper's sitcom Kitchen Confidential, Michael Vartan guests as a rival French chef. Cooper's character makes a quip along the lines of, 'it's almost like we used to work together'.
• MADtv created a season 1 spoof.
• In episode 23 of Robot Chicken, the series is re-imagined with the part of Sydney being played by a killer whale ('Whalias'), complete with red hair and lipstick. The sketch features Sydney undercover in a glamorous party at SeaWorld, pretending to be a prize-winning cellist. A fight scene occurs in typical Alias style.
• In episode 57 of Kim Possible the characters (due to the use of a Pan-Dimension Vortex) find themselves appearing in various fictional television shows similar to the main plot point of the movie The Last Action Hero. Each of these television shows is clearly a spoof of a real world television show. During one such 'appearance', Kim lands in a night club where she is confronted by a character with bright red hair. The character orders Kim to 'Tell me what I want to know.' In response, Kim addresses the character as 'Miss Tries Too Hard.' and adds 'Nice Wig.' A brief Alias-like hand-to-hand fight sequence then ensues. The end of the segment involves characters talking about 'The Device.' In the context of the episode, the device is 'The Pan-Dimensional Vortex Inducer', but asking about a 'device' would also track with the plot of many Alias episodes.

Reboot[edit]

In May 2010, E! Online'sKristin dos Santos reported that ABC was toying with the idea of rebooting Alias, but getting rid of the mythological Rambaldi elements to make the storylines more accessible for a mainstream audience.^[32] Subsequently, Entertainment Weekly columnist Michael Ausiello confirmed that ABC was in the early stages of developing a reboot, but that the potential series probably would not make it beyond the development phase.^[33]

Merchandise[edit]

Soundtracks[edit]

Varèse Sarabande released a season one soundtrack containing 26 tracks. These tracks were used in the show, including the opening theme. All of them are composed by Michael Giacchino, except for the opening theme which was composed by J. J. Abrams. The tracks share a similar dance genre, however a few tracks, such as 'In the Garden' share more of a slowed down tempo. A second soundtrack was also released containing music from the second season, but did not receive as much praise as the first soundtrack. A soundtrack for Alias: The Video Game, composed by Chris Tilton (who also provided additional music for later episodes of the TV series), was also released, but can only be downloaded online.

Video game[edit]

The video game Alias, based on the series, is a third-person stealth action title developed and released by Acclaim Entertainment for the PC, PlayStation 2 and Xbox. The plot was written by the creators of the show and the game features the voices of the cast principals. It was released on April 6, 2004, and has a rating of T for Teen. The game is set between episodes 19 and 20 of season 2. The game allows the player to be Sydney (and briefly on one mission Vaughn), and sends her on various missions to many different locations. The missions become more difficult as you come closer to finishing the game. The game includes using many spy-skills that Sydney uses in the show.

Prior to the Acclaim release, ABC Television produced an episodic downloadable videogame entitled Alias: Underground which is available through ABC's website. The game was a 3D third-person stealth action game much like the Acclaim production, with missions released monthly during the original broadcast of the TV show's second season.

Original novels[edit]

A number of original novels based upon the series have been published, primarily for a teenage reading audience. Due to the intricate and story arc-based nature of the series, most novels published to date have been prequels to the series, some focusing on Sydney in her early missions for SD-6, and others focusing on Vaughn's missions before meeting her. Their canon status with regards to the televised series has yet to be determined. Although aimed at young readers, the books tackle serious subject matter, such as one volume^[specify] which details the first time Sydney kills someone.

1. Recruited – Lynn Mason (2002) ISBN0-553-49398-1
2. A Secret Life – Laura Peyton Roberts (2003) ISBN0-553-49399-X
3. Disappeared – Lynn Mason (2003) ISBN0-553-49400-7
4. Sister Spy – Laura Peyton Roberts (2003) ISBN0-553-49401-5
5. The Pursuit – Elizabeth Skurnick (2003) ISBN0-553-49402-3
6. Close Quarters – Emma Harrison (2003) ISBN0-553-49403-1
7. Father Figure – Laura Peyton Roberts (2003) ISBN0-553-49404-X
8. Free Fall – Christa Roberts (2004) ISBN0-553-49405-8
9. Infiltration – Breen Frazier (2004) ISBN0-553-49437-6
10. Vanishing Act – Sean Gerace (2004) ISBN0-553-49438-4
11. Skin Deep – Cathy Hapka (2004) ISBN0-553-49439-2
12. Shadowed – Elizabeth Skurnick (2004) ISBN0-553-49440-6

The second series of novels, titled 'The APO Series', fit into the season four timeframe and are published by Simon Spotlight Entertainment.

1. Two of a Kind? – Greg Cox (April 26, 2005) ISBN1-4169-0213-9
2. Faina – Rudy Gaborno, Chris Hollier (April 26, 2005) ISBN1-4169-0245-7
3. Collateral Damage – Pierce Askegren (June 28, 2005) ISBN1-4169-0247-3
4. Replaced – Emma Harrison (July 26, 2005) ISBN1-4169-0246-5
5. The Road Not Taken – Greg Cox (October 4, 2005) ISBN1-4169-0248-1
6. Vigilance – Paul Ruditis (December 6, 2005) ISBN1-4169-0928-1
7. Strategic Reserve – Christina F. York (March 7, 2006) ISBN1-4169-0946-X
8. Once Lost – Kirsten Beyer (April 25, 2006) ISBN1-4169-0947-8
9. Namesakes – Greg Cox (July 11, 2006) ISBN1-4169-2442-6
10. Old Friends – Steven Hanna (September 2006) ISBN1-4169-2443-4
11. The Ghost – Brian Studler (November 2006) ISBN1-4169-2444-2
12. Mind Games – Paul Ruditis (December 2006) ISBN1-4169-2445-0
13. A Touch of Death – Christina York (December 2006) ISBN1-4169-2446-9

References[edit]

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2. ^'AFI AWARDS 2003 – AFI TV PROGRAMS OF THE YEAR'. American Film Institute. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
3. ^Gary Susman.Morning Sickness Becomes Elektra: Is Jennifer Garner pregnant? E! says sources confirm she's expecting a little Affleck,'Entertainment Weekly, May 9, 2005.
4. ^Jennifer Garner & Sydney Bristow Will Both Be PregnantArchived November 18, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, Entertainment Tonight, July 27, 2005.
5. ^'Review: Alias – Facade'. BBC. June 21, 2004. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
6. ^'TV briefs: Post-Super Bowl 'Alias' features Ethan Hawke'. The Seattle Times. January 8, 2003. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
7. ^Keveney, Bill (February 8, 2002). 'Bond, James Bond will make an 'Alias' appearance'. USA Today. Gannett Company. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
8. ^O'Hare, Kate. ''Alias' Passes 100 on the Way to the End Zone'. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
9. ^ ^abcdRyabov, Kirill. 'Recurring Themes In Alias: Prophecies, Trust, And Clandestine Operations'. Articlesnatch.com. Archived from the original on May 13, 2015. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
10. ^ ^abBianco, Robert (January 31, 2002). 'Sydney Bristow in the flesh'. USA Today. Gannett Company. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
11. ^Soares, Andre (February 20, 2006). 'Costume Designers Guild Awards 2006'. Alt Film Guide. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
12. ^'TONY's top 50 TV shows of the decade'. Time Out. December 19, 2009. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
13. ^'Top 50 TV Shows of All Time'. UGO.com. December 30, 2009. Archived from the original on November 3, 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
14. ^Dos Santos, Kristin (May 28, 2010). 'And the Best TV Series of the Past 20 Years Is..'E!. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
15. ^ ^ab'How did your favorite show rate?'. USA Today. May 28, 2002. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
16. ^ ^ab'Rank And File'. Entertainment Weekly Published in issue #713 Jun 06, 2003. June 6, 2003. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
17. ^ ^ab'I. T. R. S. Ranking Report: 01 Thru 210'. ABC Medianet. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
18. ^ ^ab'Primetime series'. The Hollywood Reporter. May 27, 2005. Archived from the original on March 8, 2010. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
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22. ^ ^abFitzgerald, Toni (January 29, 2003). 'How ABC fumbled its Super Bowl edge'. Media Life Magazine. Archived from the original on May 14, 2012.
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Further reading[edit]

• Stacey Abbott and Simon Brown: Investigating Alias: Secrets and Spies. I. B. Tauris, 2007, ISBN1-84511-405-1.

External links[edit]

• Alias on IMDb
• Alias at TV.com